Shemos 1:11 · unit 1

Parashas Shemos · Passuk 1:11

The Complete Passuk

וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ עָלָיו֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מִסִּ֔ים לְמַ֥עַן עַנֹּת֖וֹ בְּסִבְלֹתָ֑ם וַיִּ֜בֶן עָרֵ֤י מִסְכְּנוֹת֙ לְפַרְעֹ֔ה אֶת־פִּתֹ֖ם וְאֶת־רַעַמְסֵֽס׃

They placed upon him taskmasters in order to afflict him with their burdens; and he built store-cities for Pharaoh — Pisom and Raamses.

Chabad.org — 1:11

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Sotah 11a (verified).

Sefaria — Sotah 11a

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text — Sotah 11a

וישימו עליו — עליהם מבעי ליה. תנא דבי ר׳ אלעזר ב״ר שמעון: מלמד שהביאו מלבן ותלאו לו לפרעה בצוארו, וכל אחד מישראל שאמר אסטניס אני, אמרו לו כלום אסטניס אתה יותר מפרעה.

English: “They placed upon him” — it should have said “upon them.” A teaching of the school of R’ Elazar son of R’ Shimon: This teaches that they brought a brick-mold and hung it on Pharaoh’s neck, and whenever an Israelite said “I am delicate,” they said to him, “Are you more delicate than Pharaoh?”

On the daf / in context: The singular “upon him” is taken to refer to Pharaoh himself. The Egyptians forced the king to model the labor so that no Israelite could claim exemption on grounds of weakness.

Type of Learning

Custom — diyuk from singular “upon him.”

What Is Learned

Chazal teach that the oppression began with a public demonstration on Pharaoh’s own person so that the decree would be inescapable.