Derasha 5 on Vayikra 4:13

Parashas Vayikra · Aliyah 5 · Passuk 13 · Unit 5 of 11

The Complete Passuk

וְאִ֨ם כׇּל־עֲדַ֤ת יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׁגּ֔וּ וְנֶעְלַ֣ם דָּבָ֔ר מֵעֵינֵ֖י הַקָּהָ֑ל וְעָשׂ֣וּ אַחַ֗ת מִכׇּל־מִצְוֺת יְהֹוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֔ינָה וְאָשֵֽׁמוּ׃

Chabad.org — English translation + Rashi

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Horayos 4a (unit 5; single primary locus per emergency Core plan).

E-Daf.com — Horayos 4a
HebrewBooks / Shas PDF

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text — Horayos 4a
״יִשְׁגּוּ וְנֶעְלַם״ — מְלַמֵּד שֶׁאֵין חַיָּבִין אֶלָּא עַל הֶעְלֵם דָּבָר עִם שִׁגְגַת מַעֲשֶׂה.

English: “They err and it is hidden” — this teaches that they are liable only for a forgotten law together with an erroneous act.

In the sugya: The two verbs of the verse are read as a dual requirement: both the intellectual error (he’elem) and the subsequent physical transgression (shigegas ma’aseh) must be present.

Type of Learning

Dual condition for communal chatas — communal liability requires both a forgotten ruling and an actual prohibited act.

What Is Learned

The congregation becomes liable only when two elements coincide: the Sanhedrin’s forgetting of a law and the people’s performance of a forbidden act on the strength of that forgetting. A pure intellectual error without action, or an action without a prior forgotten ruling, does not trigger the offering.