Va’eschanan 4:42 · unit 2

TT #42 · Parashas Va’eschanan · Passuk 4:42

The Complete Passuk

לָנֻ֨ס שָׁ֜מָּה רוֹצֵ֗חַ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִרְצַ֤ח אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֣ל שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם וְנָ֗ס אֶל־אַחַ֛ת מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖ל וָחָֽי׃

…that a manslayer who kills his fellow unintentionally… may flee there and live.

Chabad.org — 4:42

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Makos 10a (cities of refuge must be of intermediate size, with water, markets, and population, and without traps that would attract the blood-avenger).

Sefaria — Makos 10a

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
תַּנְיָא: עָרֵי מִקְלָט אֵין עוֹשִׂין אוֹתָן אֶלָּא עֲיָרוֹת בֵּינוֹנִיּוֹת, וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיבִין אוֹתָן אֶלָּא בִּמְקוֹם מַיִם וּבִמְקוֹם שְׁוָקִים וּבִמְקוֹם אֻכְלוּסִין, וְאֵין פּוֹרְסִין בְּתוֹכָן מְצוּדוֹת וְאֵין מַפְשִׁילִין לְתוֹכָן חֲבָלִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא רֶגֶל גּוֹאֵל הַדָּם מְצוּיָה שָׁם.

English: It was taught: Cities of refuge are made only of intermediate-sized towns; they are settled only in a place of water, markets and population; and one does not spread nets or hang ropes in them, so that the foot of the blood-avenger will not be found there.

On the daf / in context: “Va-chai” requires that the exile be able to live a normal life, not merely hide; therefore the city must support ordinary commerce and safety.

Type of Learning

Diyuk of “va-chai” as requiring conditions for ordinary life in the city of refuge.

What Is Learned

A city of refuge must be large enough and well-supplied to sustain life, yet not so large or so set with traps that the blood-avenger is drawn there.