Nitzavim 29:9

Parashas Nitzavim · Passuk from filename

The Complete Passuk

אַתֶּם נִצָּבִים הַיּוֹם כֻּלְּכֶם לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם רָאשֵׁיכֶם שִׁבְטֵיכֶם זִקְנֵיכֶם וְשֹׁטְרֵיכֶם כֹּל אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל

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Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Yerushalmi Horayos 3:5.

Sefaria

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Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
מֹשֶׁה הִקְדִּים רָאשִׁים לִזְקֵנִים, וּבִיהוֹשֻׁעַ כְּתִיב וַיִּקְרָא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לִזְקֵנָיו וּלְרָאשָׁיו, לְפִי שֶׁבְּמֹשֶׁה כֻּלָּם הָיוּ תַּלְמִידָיו וּבִיהוֹשֻׁעַ לֹא הָיוּ כֻּלָּם תַּלְמִידָיו

English: Moshe placed the heads before the elders, whereas regarding Yehoshua it is written “And Yehoshua called to his elders and to his heads,” because in Moshe’s time all were his disciples, while in Yehoshua’s time not all were his disciples.

In the Yerushalmi: The discussion establishes the legal requirement or scope of the mitzvah by close reading of the passuk’s wording.

Type of Learning

Custom (A comparative diyuk between the order of terms in Moshe’s address and Yehoshua’s later address that reveals the relative standing of communal leaders and Torah scholars.)

What Is Learned

The sequence in which leaders are listed is not accidental. When the teacher is Moshe, every person stands as a disciple; therefore the communal heads may be mentioned first without diminishing the honor of the elders (Torah scholars). When the leader is Yehoshua, the elders receive precedence so that the honor of Torah is not slighted. The derasha teaches sensitivity to the dignity of those who embody Torah knowledge.