Shemos 2:12 · unit 1 — he struck the Egyptian

Parashas Shemos

The Complete Passuk

וַיִּפֶן֙ כֹּ֣ה וָכֹ֔ה וַיַּרְא֙ כִּ֣י אֵ֣ין אִ֔ישׁ וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־הַמִּצְרִ֔י וַיִּטְמְנֵ֖הוּ בַּחֽוֹל׃

And he turned this way and that and saw that there was no man, and he struck the Egyptian and hid him in the sand.

Chabad.org — 2:12

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to R’ Chanina — Sanhedrin / TT on 2:12 (verified).

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text

ויך את המצרי — א״ר חנינא: מצרי שהכה את ישראל חייב מיתה, שנאמר ויפן כה וכה וירא כי אין איש ויך את המצרי.

English: “And he struck the Egyptian” — R’ Chanina said: An Egyptian who struck an Israelite is liable to death, as it is said, “And he turned this way and that and saw that there was no man, and he struck the Egyptian.”

On the daf / in context: The verse is read as establishing that the Egyptian’s assault on a Hebrew already incurred capital liability; Moshe’s act is therefore judicial, not private vengeance. (The derasha is treated as an asmachta for the broader principle.)

Type of Learning

Custom

What Is Learned

Chazal teach that the Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew had already incurred the death penalty; Moshe acted as an agent of justice.