Derasha 3 on Vayikra 4:14

Parashas Vayikra · Aliyah 5 · Passuk 14 · Unit 3 of 4

The Complete Passuk

וְנוֹדְעָה֙ הַֽחַטָּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטְא֖וּ עָלֶ֑יהָ וְהִקְרִ֨יבוּ הַקָּהָ֜ל פַּ֤ר בֶּן־בָּקָר֙ לְחַטָּ֔את וְהֵבִ֣יאוּ אֹת֔וֹ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃

Chabad.org — English translation + Rashi

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Horayos 8a (unit 3; single primary locus per emergency Core plan).

E-Daf.com — Horayos 8a
HebrewBooks / Shas PDF

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text — Horayos 8a
״אֲשֶׁר חָטְאוּ עָלֶיהָ״ — אֵין חַיָּבִין עַד שֶׁיּוֹרוּ בְּדָבָר שֶׁזְּדוֹנוֹ כָּרֵת וְשִׁגְגָתוֹ חַטָּאת.

English: “Upon which they sinned” — they are not liable until they rule on a matter whose intentional violation is kares and whose inadvertent violation is chatas.

In the sugya: The phrase “upon which they sinned” is read as limiting the communal bull to those prohibitions that carry kares when done intentionally and a private chatas when done inadvertently.

Type of Learning

Kares/chatas threshold for communal liability — only kares-level prohibitions generate the communal bull.

What Is Learned

The Sanhedrin’s erroneous ruling triggers the communal chatas only when the underlying prohibition is one whose intentional violation incurs kares and whose inadvertent violation incurs a private chatas. Lesser prohibitions that lack this severity do not generate the par he’elam davar of the congregation, even if the court erred concerning them.