Derasha 1 on Vayikra 4:2

Parashas Vayikra · Aliyah 5 · Passuk 2

The Complete Passuk

דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ לֵאמֹר֒ נֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א בִשְׁגָגָה֙ מִכֹּל֙ מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהֹוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א תֵעָשֶׂ֑ינָה וְעָשָׂ֕ה מֵאַחַ֖ת מֵהֵֽנָּה׃

Chabad.org — English translation + Rashi

Source Citation

Torah Temima points to Shabbos 70a–b (verified).

E-Daf — Shabbos 70a

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה — רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר: פְּעָמִים שֶׁחַיָּבִין אַחַת עַל כֻּלָּן, וּפְעָמִים שֶׁחַיָּבִין עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת. אַחַת עַל כֻּלָּן — שִׁגְגַת שַׁבָּת וְזָדוֹן מְלָאכוֹת; אַחַת עַל כָּל אַחַת — זָדוֹן שַׁבָּת וְשִׁגְגַת מְלָאכוֹת.

English: “And he does one of them” — R’ Yosi says: sometimes one is liable once for all of them, and sometimes for each one separately. Once for all — inadvertent about Shabbos but deliberate about the labors; for each — deliberate about Shabbos but inadvertent about the labors.

On the daf / in context: Classic Shabbos liability grid. The extra “one of them” distinguishes awareness of the day vs awareness of the individual melachos, which determines whether multiple chatas offerings are required.

Type of Learning

Custom (phrase mei-achas meihenah → count of liabilities).

What Is Learned

One chatas or many depends on whether the person knew it was Shabbos and/or knew the individual prohibited labors.